The present perfect is formed with a present form of have (i.e., has or have) and a past participle of the main verb. It occurs qith a time epression of duration, e.g., for six years, since 1999, over the last six months, and so on.
MEANING
They have lived in Chicago since 1976.
My father has been a Cubs fan for over 30 years.
I have loved her since the day I first saw her.
She has worked for that company for 15 years.
Expresses a situation that started in the past and continues to the present.
MEANING
The Japanese climbers have reached the peak of Mount Everest.
Her plane has arrived.
Alan has recently written an article on that very subject.
She has just drawn a circle on the board.
Expresses a recently completed action.
He has read all Shakespeare´s plays.
John Le Carré has written a new novel.
I have already seen that movie.
Expresses an action that occurred at an unspecified time and has current relevance.
The value of his house has doubled over the past two years.
He has grown over two inches in the past six months.
His condition has improved considerably in the last three days.
Describes an action that occurred over a period of time that is complete at the time of speaking.
The Japanese climbers have reached the peak of Mount Everest.
Her plane has arrived.
Alan has recently written an article on that very subject.
She has just drawn a circle on the board.
Expresses a recently completed action.
He has read all Shakespeare´s plays.
John Le Carré has written a new novel.
I have already seen that movie.
Expresses an action that occurred at an unspecified time and has current relevance.
The value of his house has doubled over the past two years.
He has grown over two inches in the past six months.
His condition has improved considerably in the last three days.
Describes an action that occurred over a period of time that is complete at the time of speaking.
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